intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate, and methods for making and using an intumescible

专利摘要:
INTUMESCIBLE SHUTTER WITH CONTROLLED INTUMESCENCE RATE, AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING AND USING AN INTUMESCIBLE SHUTTER WITH CONTROLLED INTUMESCENCE RATE. An intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling that comprises a mandrel; a sealing element and a jacket. The sealing element is arranged around at least a portion of the mandrel, and the liner covers at least a portion of an outer surface of the sealing element. The liner is configured to substantially prevent fluid communication between a fluid disposed outside the liner and the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element covered by the liner.
公开号:BR112015008405B1
申请号:R112015008405-2
申请日:2013-10-03
公开日:2021-03-16
发明作者:Pontus GAMSTEDT；Jens HINKE
申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] Hydrocarbons (for example, oil, gas) are commonly produced from hydrocarbon-bearing portions of an underground formation through a well bore that penetrates the formation. Oil and gas wells are often lined from the location on the surface of the wells below in an underground formation and sometimes through it. A lining column or inner lining (for example, steel pipe) is usually lowered into the well bore to a desired depth. Often, at least a portion of the space between the casing column and the well bore, i.e., the annular crown, is then typically filled with cement (e.g., cemented) to secure the casing column within the well bore. Once the cement picks up the annular crown, it holds the lining column in place and prevents fluid flows to various portions of an underground formation through which the well passes, from or between it.
[002] During drilling, maintenance, completion and / or rework of wells (for example, oil and / or gas wells), a wide variety of subsurface well bore maintenance tools are used. For example, but not by way of limitation, it is often desirable to isolate two or more portions of a well bore, such as during the performance of a stimulation operation (for example, drilling and / or fracturing). In addition, or alternatively, it may also be desirable to isolate several portions of a well bore during completion operations (such as cementation). Subsurface well bore maintenance tools (ie, insulation tools) in general including shutters and / or plugs are designed for these general purposes and are well known in the oil and gas production technique. Shutters can also be used to attach a casing column to a well bore. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[003] In one embodiment, an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling comprises a mandrel; a sealing element, and a jacket. The sealing element is arranged around at least a portion of the mandrel, and the liner covers at least a portion of an outer surface of the sealing element. The liner is configured to substantially prevent fluid communication between a fluid disposed outside the liner and the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element covered by the liner. The swelling plug with controlled rate of swelling may also include one or more end stops disposed around the mandrel adjacent the sealing element, and one or more end stops can be configured to retain the sealing element around the mandrel portion. . The sealing element can comprise an swelling material. The swellable material may comprise a water-swellable material, and the water-swellable material may comprise a tetrafluoroethylene / propylene (TFE / P) copolymer, a starch-polyacrylate acid graft copolymer, a polyvinyl alcohol / graft copolymer of cyclic acid anhydride, an isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, an acetate / vinyl acrylate copolymer, a polyethylene oxide polymer, graft-poly (ethylene oxide), poly (acrylic acid), a carboxymethyl cellulose-type polymer, a starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, an acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymer, poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly (2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate), a non-soluble acrylic polymer, a highly intumible, highly intact clay mineral sodium bentonite, sodium bentonite whose main ingredient is montmorillonite, calcium bentonite, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof. The swelling material may comprise an oil swelling material, and the oil swelling material may comprise an oil swelling rubber, a natural rubber, a polyurethane rubber, an acrylate / butadiene rubber, a butyl rubber (IIR), a brominated butyl rubber (BIIR), chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CM / CPE), isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, neoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, rubber of styrene / butadiene copolymer (SBR), a sulfonated polyethylene (PES), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), an ethylene / acrylate rubber (EAM, AEM), an epichlorohydrin / ethylene oxide (CO, ECO) copolymer rubber , an ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber (EPM), ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer (EPDM), a peroxide crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber, a crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer with a sulfur fre, an ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer rubber (EPT), an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, a fluorine silicone rubber (FVMQ), a silicone rubber (VMQ), a 2,2,1- heptene bicycle (polynorbornene), an alkylstyrene polymer, a crosslinked substituted vinyl / acrylate copolymer, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof. The swelling material can comprise a water and oil swelling material, and the water and oil swelling material can comprise a nitrile rubber (NBR), an acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), a rubber highly saturated nitrile (HNS), a hydrogenated acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, an acrylic acid type polymer, poly (acrylic acid), polyacrylate rubber, a fluorine rubber (FKM), a perfluoro rubber (FFKM), derived therefrom , or combinations thereof. The jacket can comprise a primary coating layer, and the primary coating layer can be characterized by a thickness of less than about 10 microns. The jacket may comprise at least one upper coating layer, and the upper coating layer may comprise a plastic, a polymeric material, a polyethylene, polypropylene, a fluoroelastomer, a fluoropolymer, a fluoropolymer elastomer, polytetrafluoroethylene, a tetrafluoroethylene copolymer / propylene (TFE / P), a polyamide-imide (PAI), a polyimide, a poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS), or combinations thereof. The top coating layer may comprise a flexible coating material or a partially flexible coating material. The top coat layer can be characterized by a thickness of about 10 microns to about 100 microns. The swellable shutter with controlled swelling rate can also include a retention coating layer, and the retention coating layer can be characterized by a thickness of about 1 micron to about 100 microns.
[004] In one embodiment, a method for making an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling comprises applying a mask to at least a portion of an outer surface of a sealing element, applying a jacket to the sealing element when the mask is applied , remove the mask after application of the shirt, and provide an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling. The sealing element comprises an swelling material. The mask comprises empty spaces, and the mask substantially prevents the application of the shirt, except in the empty spaces. The method may also include applying a layer of retaining coating to the outer surface of the sealing element, and the layer of retaining coating may be applied to an external surface of the swellable plug with controlled swelling rate subsequent to removal of the mask.
[005] In one embodiment, a method for using an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate comprises arranging a tubular column comprising an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate incorporated into it within a well hole in an underground formation, and activating the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate. The swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate comprises: a sealing element and a jacket, the sealing element comprising an swelling material. The liner covers at least a portion of an outer surface of the sealing element, and the liner is substantially impermeable to a fluid that is configured to cause the sealing element to swell upon contact between the sealing element and the fluid. The method may also include allowing the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate to swell an amount between about 105% and about 500% based on the volume of swelling material in the sealing element before activating the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate. . The method may also include allowing the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate to swell between about 125% and about 200% based on the volume of swelling material in the sealing element before activating the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate. . A sealing element swelling interstice can increase an amount between about 105% and about 250% based on the sealing element swelling interstice before activating the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate. A sealing element swelling gap may increase between about 110% and about 150% based on the sealing element swelling gap prior to activation of the swelling plug with controlled swelling rate. The swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate may additionally comprise a retaining coating layer. The method may also include isolating at least two adjacent portions of the well bore using the controlled swelling rate after activation of the controlled swelling rate. Activation of the controllable rate swelling plug may comprise placing at least a portion of the controlled swelling rate plug in contact with a swelling agent, and allowing the sealing member to swell. The sealing element can have a linear swelling rate, or the sealing element can have a non-linear swelling rate. The method may also include controlling the rate of swelling of the sealing element by varying at least one of: the type and / or composition of an intumescible material, the type and / or composition of a shirt, the number of layers in the shirt, a pattern a mask, a ratio between a portion of an outer surface of a sealing element exposed to a swelling agent and a portion of the outer surface of the cover of the sealing element by the jacket, a type and / or composition of the swelling agent, or combinations thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[006] For a more complete understanding of the present description and its advantages, reference is now made to the following brief description, considered in relation to the accompanying drawings and detailed description: figure 1 is a simplified cut-out view of a modality of an environment in which an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling can be employed; figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling; figure 3 is an isometric view of an embodiment of an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling; figure 4 is a schematic representation of a mask modality; figure 5 shows the results of a swelling test for a swelling material in the presence and in the absence of various coatings or liners; figure 6 is an engraving of an intumescible material coated with a fine mesh pattern; figure 68 is an engraving of the swelling material coated with a fine mesh pattern of figure 6A by swelling; figure 69 is an engraving of an intumescible material coated with a coarse mesh pattern; figure 70 is an engraving of the swelling material coated with a thick fine pattern of figure 6C by swelling; figure 71 is an engraving of three samples of a swelling material coated in different ways, by swelling; figure 72 shows the results of a swelling test for an swelling material coated with various patterns; and Figure 73 is an engraving of a sample of a swellable material coated with a partially flexible coating material, by swelling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES
[007] In the following drawings and description, equal parts are typically marked throughout this specification and drawings with the same reference numbers, respectively. In addition, similar reference numbers may refer to similar components in different modalities described here. The figures in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Certain features of the invention may be shown exaggerated in scale or in a somewhat schematic manner and some details of conventional elements may not be shown for the sake of clarity and conciseness. The present invention is susceptible to modalities in different ways. Specific modalities are described in detail and are shown in the drawings, with the understanding that the present description is not intended to limit the invention to the modalities illustrated and described here. It must be fully realized that the different precepts of the modalities discussed here can be used separately or in any suitable combination to produce desired results.
[008] Unless otherwise specified, the use of the terms "connect", "engage", "engage", "attach" or any other similar term describing an interaction between elements is not intended to limit the interaction to direct interaction between the elements and may also include indirect interaction between the described elements.
[009] Unless otherwise specified, the use of the expressions "top", "top", "up", "hole above", "upstream" or other similar expressions should generally be interpreted as part of the formation away from the surface or off the surface of a body of water; similarly, the use of "down", "bottom", "down", "hole below" "downstream" or other similar expressions should be interpreted as generally into the formation away from the surface or away from the surface of a body of water, regardless of the orientation of the well hole. The use of any of the expressions presented should not be interpreted to denote positions along a perfectly vertical geometric axis.
[0010] Unless otherwise specified, the use of the term "underground formation" should be interpreted to encompass both areas below exposed land and areas below ground covered by water such as ocean or fresh water.
[0011] Here are described methods of well hole maintenance methods, as well as devices and systems that can be used to perform them. In particular, one or more embodiments of a well bore maintenance apparatus comprising a swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate (CSSP) and systems and methods for employing it are described herein. In one embodiment, the CSSP, as will be described here, can allow an operator to unfold an intumescible shutter within an underground formation and control the rate at which the CSSP will expand in order to isolate two or more portions of a well bore and / or two or more zones of an underground formation.
[0012] Referring to figure 1, a modality of an operational environment is illustrated in which a well bore maintenance apparatus and / or system can be used. It is noted that, although some of the figures may exemplify horizontal or vertical well drilling, the principles of the apparatus, systems and methods described may be similarly applicable to horizontal well hole configurations, conventional vertical well hole configurations, hole configurations deviated wells, and any combination thereof. Therefore, the horizontal, deviated, or vertical nature of any figure should not be interpreted by limiting the borehole to any particular configuration.
[0013] As shown in figure 1, the operating environment in general comprises a well bore 114 that penetrates an underground formation 102 comprising a plurality of zones of formation 2, 4, 6 and 8 for the purpose of recovering hydrocarbons, storing hydrocarbons , dispose of carbon dioxide, or the like. Well bore 114 may extend substantially vertically from the surface of the earth in a portion of the vertical well hole, or it may deviate at any angle from the surface of the earth 104 in a portion of the offset or horizontal well hole 118 In alternative operating environments, portions or substantially the entire well bore 114 may be vertical, offset, horizontal and / or curved. The well bore 114 can be drilled in the underground formation 102 using any suitable drilling technique. In one embodiment, a drilling or maintenance equipment 106 disposed on the surface 104 comprises a drilling tower 108 with a floor of the equipment 110 through which a column of tubulars (for example, a drill column, a tool column, a column segmented pipe, a joined pipe column, or any other suitable transfer device, or combinations thereof) in general defining an axial flow hole can be positioned inside or partially inside well hole 114. In one embodiment, the column Tubular tube can comprise two or more columns concentrically positioned of tube or tubing (for example, a first working column can be positioned within a second working column). The drilling or maintenance equipment 106 may be conventional and may comprise a motor driven winch and other associated equipment for lowering the tubular column in the well bore 114. Alternatively, a mobile work platform, a well bore maintenance unit (for example, coiled tubing units), or the like can be used to lower the work column into the well bore 114. In such an embodiment, the tubular column can be used for drilling, stimulation, completion or otherwise maintenance of the well bore, or combinations thereof. Although figure 1 represents a stationary drilling rig 106, those skilled in the art will easily realize that mobile work equipment, well bore maintenance units (such as coiled pipe units) and the like can be employed.
[0014] In the embodiment of figure 1, at least a portion of the borehole 114 is lined with a tubular borehole 120, such as a cladding column and / or internal cladding defining an axial flow bore 121. In the embodiment of figure 1, at least a portion of the tubular borehole 120 is secured in position against formation 102 by means of a plurality of CSSPs 200 (for example, a first CSSP 200a, a second CSSP 200b, a third CSSP 200c and a fourth CSSP 200d). Additionally, in one embodiment, at least a portion of the tubular borehole 120 may be partially secured in position against formation 102 in a conventional manner with cement. In additional or alternative operating environments, a CSSP such as CSSP 200, as will be described here, can be similarly incorporated into (and similarly used to secure) any suitable tubular column and used to engage and / or seal in an external tubular column. Examples of a tubular column like this include, but are not limited to, a working column, a tool column, a segmented pipe column, a joined pipe column, a coiled pipe column, a production pipe column, a perforation column, and the like, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, a CSSP such as CSSP 200 can be used to isolate two or more adjacent portions or zones within underground formation 102 and / or well bore 114.
[0015] Referring to the embodiment of figure 1, the well hole tubular 120 may additionally have incorporated in it at least one well hole maintenance tool (WST) 300 (for example, a first WST 300a, a second WST 300b, a third WST 300c and a fourth WST 300d). In one embodiment, one or more of the WSTs 300 may comprise an actuating stimulation set, which can be configured to perform a well hole maintenance operation, such as a stimulation operation. Various stimulation operations can include, but are not limited to, a drilling operation, a fracturing operation, an acidifying operation, or any combination thereof.
[0016] Referring to figure 2, an embodiment of a CSSP 200 is illustrated. In the embodiment of figure 2, the CSSP 200 in general comprises a mandrel 210, a sealing element 220 arranged circumferentially close / about at least a portion of the mandrel 210, and a jacket 230 covering at least a portion of the sealing element 220. Also, the CSSP 200 can be characterized with respect to a central or longitudinal geometric axis 205.
[0017] In one embodiment, mandrel 210 generally comprises a cylindrical or tubular structure or body. Chuck 210 may be coaxially aligned with the central geometric axis 205 of the CSSP 200. In one embodiment, chuck 210 may comprise a unitary structure (for example, a single manufacturing unit, such as a continuous length of tube or pipe); alternatively, mandrel 210 may comprise two or more components operably connected (for example, two or more subcomponents coupled, such as by a threaded connection). Alternatively, a mandrel such as mandrel 210 may comprise any suitable structure; such suitable structures will be known to those skilled in the art upon reading this description. The body of the tubular mandrel 210 generally defines a continuous axial flow bore 211 that allows fluid movement through the mandrel 210.
[0018] In one embodiment, the chuck 210 can be configured for incorporation in the tubular of the well bore 120; alternatively, mandrel 210 can be configured for incorporation into any suitable tubular column, such as, for example, a working column, a tool column, a segmented pipe column, a joined pipe column, a coiled pipe column , a production pipe column, a drilling column, and the like, or combinations thereof. In such an embodiment, the mandrel 210 may comprise a suitable connection in the tubular of the borehole 120 (for example, in an element of the casing column, such as a casing joint). Suitable connections in a casing column will be known to those skilled in the art. In such an embodiment, the mandrel 210 is incorporated into the tubular borehole 120 in such a way that the axial flow bore 211 of the mandrel 210 is fluidly communicated with the axial flow bore 121 of the borehole 120 .
[0019] In one embodiment, the CSSP 200 may comprise one or more optional retaining elements 240. In general, an optional retaining element 240 can be arranged circumferentially around the adjacent mandrel 210 and resting on the sealing element 220 on each side of the sealing element 220, as seen in the embodiment of figure 2. Alternatively, the optional retaining element 240 can be adjacent and resting on the sealing element 220 on one side only, such as, for example, on a lower side of the sealing element seal 220, or on an upper side of the sealing element 220. The optional retaining element 240 can be secured to the mandrel by a suitable retention mechanism, such as, for example, screws, pins, shear pins, retaining tapes and similar, or combinations thereof. Optional retaining element 240 may comprise a plurality of elements, including, but not limited to, one or more spacing rings, one or more serrated wedges, one or more serrated wedge segments, one or more sliding wedges, one or more extrusion limiters and the like, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the optional retaining element 240 can prevent or limit the longitudinal movement (for example, along the central geometrical axis 205) of the sealing element 220 around mandrel 210, while sealing element 220 arranged circumferentially around of the chuck 210 is placed inside the well hole and / or underground formation. In one embodiment, the optional retaining element 240 can prevent or limit the longitudinal expansion (for example, along the central geometric axis 205) of the sealing element 220, while still allowing radial expansion of the sealing element 220.
[0020] In one embodiment, the sealing element 220 can in general be configured to selectively seal and / or isolate two or more portions of an annular space surrounding the CSSP 200 (for example, between the CSSP 200 and one or more walls of the well bore 114), for example, selectively providing a barrier extending circumferentially about at least a portion of the outside of the CSSP 200. In one embodiment, the sealing element 220 can generally comprise a hollow cylindrical structure with an inside hole (for example, a tube-like and / or ring-like structure). The sealing element 220 may comprise a suitable internal diameter, a suitable external diameter and / or a suitable thickness, for example, such as can be selected by those skilled in the art when reading this description and in consideration of factors including, but not limited to , the size / diameter of the mandrel 210, the wall on which the sealing element is configured to engage, the force with which the sealing element is configured to engage such surface (s), or other related factors. For example, the inner diameter of the sealing element 220 can be approximately the same as an outer diameter of the mandrel 210. In one embodiment, the sealing element 220 can be in sealing contact (for example, a fluid-tight seal) with mandrel 210. Although the embodiment of figure 2 illustrates a CSSP 200 comprising a single sealing element 220, skilled in the art, upon reading this description, they will realize that a similar CSSP may comprise two, three, four, five, or any other number sealing elements as sealing element 220.
[0021] In one embodiment, the sealing element 220 comprises an intumescible material. For the purposes of the description here, an swelling material can be defined as any material (for example, a polymer, such as, for example, an elastomer) that swells (for example, it has an increase in mass and volume) upon contact with a fluid selected, that is, a swelling agent. Here, the description can refer to a polymer and / or a polymeric material. It is to be understood that the terms polymer and / or polymeric material are used interchangeably and must each refer to compositions comprising at least one polymerized monomer in the presence or absence of other additives traditionally included in such materials. Examples of polymeric materials suitable for use as part of the swellable material include, but are not limited to, homopolymers, polyesters, copolymers of these random, blocks, graft, star and hyper-branches, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof. The term "derivative" here is defined to include any compound that is made from one or more of the swellable materials, for example, replacing an atom in the swellable material with another atom or group of atoms, rearranging two or more atoms in the material swelling, ionizing one of the swelling materials, or creating a salt from one of the swelling materials. The term "copolymer" as used herein is not limited to the combination of two polymers, but includes any combination of any number of polymers, for example, graft polymers, terpolymers and the like.
[0022] For purposes of the description here, the swelling material can be characterized as a resilient volume-changing material. In one embodiment, the swelling material of the sealing element 220 may swell from about 105% to about 500%, alternatively from about 115% to about 400%, or alternatively from about 125% to about 200%, based on the original volume on the surface, i.e., the volume of the swellable material of the sealing element 220 prior to contact with the sealing element 220 (for example, swelling material) with the swelling agent. In one embodiment, a swelling interstice of the sealing element 220 can increase from about 105% to about 250%, alternatively from about 110% to about 200%, or alternatively from about 110% to about 150% , based on the swelling interstice of the sealing element 220 prior to contact of the sealing element 220 (for example, swelling material) with the swelling agent. For purposes of the description here, the swelling interstice is defined by an increase in the radius of the sealing element (e.g. swelling material) by swelling divided by a thickness of the sealing element (e.g. swelling material) before swelling. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the extent of swelling of a sealing element (for example, an intumescible material) may depend on a variety of factors, such as, for example, subsurface environmental conditions ( for example, temperature, pressure, fluid composition of the formation in contact with the sealing element, specific gravity of the fluid, pH, salinity, etc.). For the purposes of the description here, by swelling to at least a certain point (for example, partial swelling, substantial swelling, total swelling), swelling materials may be referred to as "swelling materials".
[0023] In one embodiment, the sealing element 220 can be configured to exhibit radial expansion (for example, an increase in the outside diameter) when coming into contact with a swelling agent. In one embodiment, the swelling agent may be a water-based fluid (eg, aqueous solutions, water, etc.), an oil-based fluid (eg, hydrocarbon fluid, oil fluid, oil fluid, terpene fluid, diesel, gasoline, xylene, octane, hexane, etc.), or combinations thereof. A commercial non-limiting example of an oil-based fluid includes EDC 95-11 drilling fluid.
[0024] In one embodiment, the swelling material may comprise a swelling material with water, an swelling material with oil, a swelling material with water and oil, or combinations thereof. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, water-swellable materials may swell when they come into contact with a swelling agent comprising a water-based fluid; oil-swellable materials may swell when they come into contact with a swelling agent comprising an oil-based fluid; and water and oil swellable materials may swell when in contact with a swelling agent comprising a water-based fluid, an oil-based fluid, or both a water-based fluid and an oil-based fluid. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, a water-swellable material can exhibit a certain degree of swelling in oil (for example, swelling when it comes into contact with an oil-based fluid). Similarly, as skilled in the art, and with the help of this description, an oil-swelling material can exhibit a certain degree of swelling in water (for example, swelling when it comes into contact with a water-based fluid).
[0025] Non-limiting examples of water-swellable materials suitable for use in the present description include a tetrafluoroethylene / propylene copolymer (TFE / P), a graft copolymer of polyacrylate acid and starch, a polyvinyl alcohol / anhydride graft copolymer cyclic acid, an isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, an acetate / vinyl acrylate copolymer, a polyethylene oxide polymer, graft-poly (ethylene oxide), poly (acrylic acid), a carboxymethyl cellulose polymer, a graft copolymer of starch-polyacrylonitrile, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, an acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymer, poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly (2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate), a non-soluble acrylic polymer, a highly intact bentonite clay mineral sodium (for example, sodium bentonite with montmorillonite as its main ingredient), calcium bentonite and the like, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0026] Non-limiting examples of oil-swellable materials suitable for use in the present description include an oil-swellable rubber, a natural rubber, a polyurethane rubber, an acrylate / butadiene rubber, a butyl rubber (IIR), a rubber brominated butyl rubber (BIIR), chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CM / CPE), isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, neoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene / butadiene copolymer (SBR), a sulfonated polyethylene (PES), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), an ethylene / acrylate rubber (EAM, AEM), an epichlorohydrin / ethylene oxide (CO, ECO) copolymer rubber, an ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber (EPM), ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer (EPDM), a peroxide crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber, a sulfur crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber, a boron ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer crack (EPT), an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, a fluorine silicone rubber (FVMQ), a silicone rubber (VMQ), a 2,2,1-poly heptene bicycle ( polynorbornene), an alkylstyrene polymer, a crosslinked substituted vinyl / acrylate copolymer and the like, derived therefrom, or combinations thereof.
[0027] Non-limiting examples of oil and water-swellable materials suitable for use in the present description include a nitrile rubber (NBR), an acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), a highly saturated nitrile rubber (HNS), a hydrogenated acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, an acrylic acid type polymer, poly (acrylic acid), polyacrylate rubber, a fluorine rubber (FKM), a perfluoro rubber (FFKM) and the like, derived therefrom, or combinations thereof.
[0028] In one embodiment, a water-swellable material with a varying degree of low oil swelling can be obtained by adding to an EPDM polymer or its precursor monomer a mixture of (i) elastomer additives, such as, for example, nitrile, HNBR, fluoroelastomers, or acrylate-based elastomers, or their precursors; and (ii) an unsaturated organic acid, anhydride, or derivatives thereof (for example, maleic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid), optionally combined with an inorganic blowing agent (for example, sodium carbonate); wherein the unsaturated organic acid, anhydride, or derivatives thereof can be present within the EPDM polymer or its precursor monomer mixture in an amount of about 1 to about 10 percent rubber (phr), and where the agent of inorganic expansion may be present within the EPDM polymer or its precursor monomer mixture in an amount of about 1 to about 10 phr.
[0029] In one embodiment, unsaturated organic acid comprises a highly acidic unsaturated compound (for example, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid). In such an embodiment, when the highly acidic unsaturated compound is added to the EPDM polymer or its precursor monomer mixture in an amount of about 0.5 to about 5 phr, the resulting swellable material may have a swelling in variable oil, and may be additionally swellable in low pH fluids, such as, for example, completion fluids containing zinc bromide.
[0030] In one embodiment, a second addition of an additional amount of an inorganic blowing agent (for example, an additional amount of about 1 to about 10 phr) in the EPDM polymer or its precursor monomer mixture can improve the swelling of the swelling material in high-concentration, low-pH brines.
[0031] In one embodiment, a zwitterionic polymer or copolymer of a zwitterionic monomer with an unsaturated monomer can be added in the EPDM polymer or its precursor monomer mixture to obtain a crosslinked swellable material.
[0032] As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the quantities of the various ingredients used to produce or obtain an intumescible polymeric material can be varied in a manner appropriate to the particular purpose at hand. For example, if the desired swellable material is a highly cross-linked elastomer, moderately swellable in water (for example, about 150% swelling by volume) with very low swelling in oil, but very high swelling in low pH fluids, the recipe may include, by way of example and not limitation, from about 60 to about 80 phr of EPDM; from about 20 to about 40 phr of nitrile or HNBR; from about 4 to about 5 phr of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid; and from about 15 to about 20 phr of a zwitterionic polymer or monomer.
[0033] Other intumescible materials that behave in a similar manner with respect to oil-based fluids and / or water-based fluids may also be suitable. Those skilled in the art, with the benefit of this description, will be able to select an appropriate swelling material for use in the compositions of the present invention based on a variety of factors, including the application in which the composition will be used and the desired swelling characteristics. Suitable swellable materials are commercially available as one or more components of the SWIBPACKERS zonal insulation system from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
[0034] In one embodiment, the swellable materials suitable for use in this description comprise particles of swellable material of any suitable geometry, including, without limitation, microspheres, hollow microspheres, spheres, ovals, fibers, rods, pellets, platelets, discs, plates , tapes and the like, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the swellable material can be characterized by a particle size of about 0.1 micron to about 2,000 microns, alternatively from about 0.5 micron to about 1,500 microns, or alternatively from about 1 micron to about 1,000 microns.
[0035] Non-limiting examples of intumescible materials suitable for use in combination with the methods of this description are described in more detail in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,385,367, 7,059,415, 7,143,832, 7,717,180, 7,934,554, 8,042,618 and 8,100,190, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[0036] In the embodiment of figure 2, the liner 230 generally covers at least a portion of an outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220. The liner 230 can be at least substantially impermeable to a swelling agent that is configured to make sealing element 220 to swell. In one embodiment, the liner 230 can in general be configured to control the swelling rate of the sealing element 220 (for example, swelling rate of the swelling material), in which the swelling material of the sealing element 220 can swell (for example). , expand or increase in volume) through sufficient contact between the CSSP and the swelling agent. For the purposes of the description here, the rate of swelling of a material (for example, sealing element 220, swelling material) is defined as the ratio between the expansion or swelling of such material and the time or duration required for such expansion to occur. volumetric; where volumetric expansion represents the difference between a final volume assessed at the end of the assessed time period and an initial assessed volume at the beginning of the assessed time period. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the swelling rate of the sealing element 220 and the swelling rate of the swelling material as part of the sealing element are approximately the same, although the swelling rate of the swelling material evaluated outside of a CSSP (that is, when the swelling material is not part of the CSSP) can be different from the swelling rate of the sealing element 220. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the jacket 230 can control the swelling rate by limiting exposure swelling material (for example, sealing element 220) to the swelling agent. Additionally, without wishing to be limited by theory, contact between the swelling agent and the sealing element and, consequently, the swelling of the swelling material, may depend on the geometry and composition of the jacket that controls the fluidic access of the swelling agent to the swelling element. seal, as described in more detail here.
[0037] In one embodiment, the liner 230 can cover a suitable portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220, that is, a portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 that would be exposed (for example, so as to be in direct contact with a swelling agent, when such a swelling agent is present), in which the jacket 230 is not present. In one embodiment, the jacket 230 can cover an amount greater than or equal to about 75%, alternatively about 80%, alternatively about 81%, alternatively about 82%, alternatively about 83%, alternatively about 84%, alternatively about 85%, alternatively about 86%, alternatively about 87%, alternatively about 88%, alternatively about 89%, alternatively about 90%, alternatively about 91%, alternatively about 92%, alternatively about 93%, alternatively about 94%, or alternatively about 95% of the outer surface area of the sealing element 220.
[0038] In one embodiment, the liner 230 provides at least one substantially fluid-tight seal on the portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 that it covers. For example, the liner 230 can serve to prevent and / or limit direct contact between a fluid (for example, a swelling agent) and the portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 that is covered by the liner 230. In some embodiments, the substantially fluid-tight seal provided by the liner 230 can be provided when the liner 230 comprises a diffusional flow of the swelling agent that is substantially less than the diffusional flow to the exposed portions of the sealing element 220. For example, the reason from the diffusional flow of the swelling agent through the jacket 230 to the diffusional flow to the exposed portions of the sealing element 220 can be at least about 1:10 to about 1: 100. In one embodiment, the jacket 230 may be impenetrable or impermeable with respect to the swelling agent. In one embodiment, the jacket 230 may be substantially impenetrable or impermeable with respect to the swelling agent. In one embodiment, the jacket 230 may have a low permeability with respect to the swelling agent. In one embodiment, the jacket 230 may allow less than about 20%, alternatively less than about 15%, alternatively less than about 10%, alternatively less than about 9%, alternatively less than about 8%, alternatively less than about 7%, alternatively less than about 6%, alternatively less than about 5%, alternatively less than about 4%, alternatively less than about 3%, alternatively less than about 2%, alternatively less than about 1%, alternatively less than about 0.1%, alternatively less than about 0.01%, or alternatively less than about 0.001% of the outer surface area 221 that is covered in a seal by the jacket 230 stays in contact direct with a swelling agent.
[0039] In one embodiment, the jacket 230 may comprise one or more coatings layer. For purposes of the description here, it is understood that a jacket covering layer is a jacket covering layer that has been applied to the sealing element 220 in a single coating or application procedure. For example, a jacket 230 may comprise a coating layer of material A that has been applied in a single coating procedure. Alternatively, a jacket 230 may comprise two layers of coatings of material A, in which material A was applied to the sealing element 220 in two different coating procedures (for example, each coating layer was applied at a different time). In some embodiments, a jacket 230 may comprise a coating layer of material A and a coating layer of material B, wherein the coating layer of material A and the coating layer of material B have each been applied to the sealing element 220 in two different coating procedures (each coating layer was applied at a different time). In still other embodiments, a jacket 230 may comprise a coating layer of both material A and material B, in which both material A and material B have been applied concurrently (for example, at the same time) to the sealing element 220.
[0040] In one embodiment, the jacket 230 may comprise at least two layers of coating, alternatively at least three layers of coating, alternatively at least four layers of coating, or alternatively at least five or more layers of coating. For purposes of the description here, when the liner 230 is made up of two or more layers of coating, the first coating layer applied directly to the sealing element 220 it will be referred to as the “primary coating layer” and any coating layer or layers Subsequent applied to the primary coating layer will be referred to as an “upper coating layer” or “upper coating layers”. In addition, for purposes of the description herein, the top coat layer applied after the primary coat layer will be referred to as a "first top coat layer"; the top coat layer applied after the first top coat layer will be referred to as a "second top coat layer"; the top coat layer applied after the second top coat layer will be referred to as a "third top coat layer"; the top coat layer applied after the third top coat layer will be referred to as a "fourth top coat layer"; and so on. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the first top coat layer will be closer to the sealing element than any applied top coat layer, the second top coat layer will be the second closest to the sealing element after the first top coat layer, and so on.
[0041] In one embodiment, the primary coating layer may function to activate the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220, for example, allowing or promoting adhesion between the sealing element 220 and the upper coating layer or layers. The primer coating is optional and may not be present in some embodiments. For example, the primary coating layer may not be present when the coating material adheres sufficiently to the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the primary coating layer can activate the outer surface 221 of the sealing element. seal 220 sticking to the sealing element, and then sticking to the top lining layer (s). The primary coating layer can be considered a "glue" between the sealing element 220 and the upper coating layer (s) of the jacket. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the primary coating layer can be used when the upper coating layer (s) of the liner 230 would not adhere (s) to the sealing element 220 of to form a fluid-tight seal, and the primary coating layer can be selected to form a fluid-tight seal with both the sealing element 220 and the top coat layer (s) .
[0042] In one embodiment, the primary coating layer comprises a water-based primer. In an alternative embodiment, the primary coating layer comprises an organic solvent-based initiator. A non-limiting example of a water-based initiator suitable for use in the present description includes a two-component system, wherein a first component (e.g., base) comprises constituents of epoxy and C13-C15 alkyl glycidyl ether, and a second component (eg activator) comprises tetraethylenepentamine. Non-limiting examples of organic solvent-based initiators suitable for use in the present description include urethane, an isocyanate-based adhesive and the like.
[0043] In one embodiment, the primary coating layer can be characterized by a thickness of less than about 10 microns, alternatively less than about 5 microns, or alternatively less than about 1 micron.
[0044] In some embodiments, the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 can be activated (for example, to allow or promote adhesion between the sealing element 220 and the top coat layer or layers) by flame treatments, plasma treatments , electron beam treatments, oxidation treatments, corona discharge treatments, hot air treatments, ozone treatments, ultraviolet light treatments, sandblasting treatments and the like, or any combination of these.
[0045] In one embodiment, the top coating layer (s) may comprise a coating material that is impenetrable or impermeable with respect to the swelling agent. In one embodiment, the top coat layer (s) may comprise a coating material that is substantially impenetrable or impervious to the swelling agent. In one embodiment, the top coat layer (s) may comprise a coating material that has a low permeability with respect to the swelling agent.
[0046] In one embodiment, the upper coating layer (s) may comprise a flexible coating material. For the purposes of the description here, a flexible liner material can be defined as a liner material that elongates as the sealing element swells or expands in volume, without loss of sealing contact with the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 Without wishing to be bound by theory, the flexible coating material can stretch at the same rate at which the outer surface of the sealing element 220 grows or expands. In addition, without wishing to be bound by theory, the ratio between the outer surface area of the sealing element 220 in sealing contact with the liner and the surface area of the liner 230 remains substantially the same throughout the swelling process, for example, about 1: 1, when the top coating layer comprises a flexible coating material. In other embodiments, the top coating layer (s) may comprise a partially flexible coating material. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the ratio between the area of the outer surface of the sealing element 220 in sealing contact with the liner 230 and the surface area of the liner 230 can vary during the swelling process, when the upper coating layer comprises a partially flexible coating material.
[0047] Non-limiting examples of coating materials suitable for use with jacket 230 may comprise plastics, polymeric materials, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluoroelastomers, fluoropolymers, fluoropolymer elastomers, polytetrafluoroethylene, a tetrafluoroethylene / propylene (TFE / P) copolymer, polyamide-imide (PAI), polyimide, poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS), or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the coating material comprises a water-based coating material. In an alternative embodiment, the coating material comprises an organic solvent-based coating material. In one embodiment, the coating material comprises a one-component system. In an alternative embodiment, the coating material comprises a multi-component system (for example, a two-component system, a three-component system, etc.), in which the multi-component system can undergo a cross-linking process during drying / curing / hardening of the top layer (s). In one embodiment, the topcoat layer (s) may comprise a flexible binder system and a protective filler. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, a material that is a water-swellable material can be used as a topcoat layer for an oil-swellable material that is designed to swell upon contact with a swelling agent comprising an oil-based fluid. Similarly, as those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, a material that is an oil-swellable material can be used as a topcoat layer for a water-swellable material that is designed to swell upon contact with a cleaning agent. swelling comprising a water-based fluid.
[0048] Non-limiting examples of commercially available coating materials suitable to form the jacket 230 (e.g., a top coat layer) include ACCOLAN, ACCOAT, and ACCOFLEX, all of which are available from Accoat, located in Kvistgaard, Denmark; VITON which is a fluoropolymer elastomer available from DuPont; AFLAS which is a TFE / P available from Asahi Glass Co., LTD .; and VESPEL, which is a polyimide available from DuPont. Other suitable coating materials can be perceived by those skilled in the art, and with the help of this description.
[0049] In one embodiment, the topcoat layer can be characterized by a thickness of about 10 microns to about 100 microns, alternatively about 30 microns to about 60 microns, or alternatively about 35 microns to about 55 microns .
[0050] In one embodiment, some intumescent materials can leach (for example, bleed, leak, leak, infiltrate, etc.) from the sealing element 220 over time. In such an embodiment, intumescible materials could leach from the sealing element 220 through the exposed outer surface (for example, portions of the outer surface not covered by the jacket 230). Consequently, over time, a CSSP such as CSSP 220 may lose the ability to isolate two or more adjacent portions or zones within an underground formation (eg, underground formation 102) and / or well bore (eg, borehole 114).
[0051] In one embodiment, CSSP 200 may comprise an optional retaining coating layer. In such an embodiment, the retaining coating layer would prevent the swelling material from escaping from the sealing element 220 and would allow the swelling agent to enter, such that the swelling agent would come in contact with the swelling material. In one embodiment, the retention coating layer can cover about 100%, alternatively about 99%, alternatively about 98%, alternatively about 97%, or alternatively about 96% of the outer surface area 221 of the sealing 220 and / or the exposed surface area of the sealing element (for example, the portion not covered by the liner 230). As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, when a retaining coating layer is used, the liner will be in seal contact (for example, a fluid tight seal) with the retaining coating layer and, as as such, the entry of swelling agent into the sealing element 220 can occur through the retaining coating layer present on the exposed outer surface (for example, the portions of the outer surface not in sealing contact with the liner 230). Additionally, as skilled in the art, and with the help of this description, the jacket 230 will prevent the swelling material from escaping from the sealing element 220 through the portions of the outer surface covered by the jacket 230. In one embodiment, the coating layer of retention comprises a flexible retention liner material.
[0052] In an alternative embodiment, CSSP 200 may comprise an optional retaining coating layer on top of both the jacket 230 and the exposed outer surface portions (for example, the outer surface portions not covered by the jacket 230). As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, such a retaining coating layer can be applied to an external surface of the CSSP 200 (for example, an external surface of the sealing element 220) after the removal of a mask used for create the exposed portions of the outer surface (for example, portions of the outer surface not covered by the jacket 230), as will be described hereinafter. Other configurations suitable for the retention coating layer will be realized by those skilled in the art, and with the help of this description.
[0053] In one embodiment, the retention coating material may comprise a water-permeable polymeric material or a water-semipermeable material, such as, for example, a sulfonated fluoropolymer-copolymer based on tetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone (PEEK ), polyether ketone (PEK) and the like. As skilled in the art, and with the help of this description, the water-permeable polymeric material will allow water and / or water-based swelling agents to enter, still preventing the swelling of materials from leaving.
[0054] In one embodiment, the retention layer can be characterized by a thickness of about 1 micron to about 100 microns, alternatively from about 5 microns to about 75 microns, or alternatively from about 10 microns to about 50 microns.
[0055] In one embodiment, the jacket 230 (for example, the material comprising the jacket 230, such as, for example, the water-based primer, organic solvent-based primer, coating material, etc.) and / or the retaining coating layer, or any layer thereof, can be configured to be applied to the sealing element 220 by any suitable process. For example, in various embodiments, the liner 230 and / or the retaining coating layer, or any layer thereof, may comprise a liquid or substantially liquid material that can be sprayed on the sealing element 220, painted on the sealing element 220, in the which the sealing element 220 can be immersed, or the like. In one embodiment, the material comprising the jacket 230 can be configured to dry (for example, consolidate, pick up, set in place, cure, harden, reticular or the like) upon exposure to a predetermined condition or through the passage of a given period of time . For example, the jacket 230 and / or the retaining coating layer, or any layer thereof, may dry (or the like) upon being heated, cooled, exposed to a hardening chemical, or combinations thereof.
[0056] As previously described here, the liner 230 can be applied only to a portion of the outer surface of the sealing element 220, for example, thereby producing a portion of the exposed outer surface (for example, on which the liner material 230 is not applied) and a portion of the unexposed outer surface (for example, on which the material of the jacket 230 is applied). For example, referring to the embodiment of figure 3, a perspective view of a CSSP 200 is illustrated. In the embodiment of figure 3, a portion of the sealing element 220 is exposed (for example, an exposed portion 220a) and another portion is covered by jacket 230 (for example, an unexposed portion 220b). In one embodiment, the relationship between exposed and unexposed portions may comprise any suitable pattern, design or the like. In one embodiment, the exposed portion 220a can optionally comprise a layer of retention coating, as previously described herein.
[0057] In one embodiment, as will be described here, the exposed and unexposed surfaces of the sealing element 220 can be obtained by "masking" or otherwise covering a portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 (for example, the portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 that will be exposed) prior to application of the liner material 230. In one embodiment, a "mask" like this can be configured to cover any suitable portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220 For example, in one embodiment, the mask may comprise a grid-like pattern, a diamond-like pattern, a pattern of vertical, horizontal and / or helical strips, a random arrangement, etc. The mask pattern can also provide any variety of opening shapes and sizes for a given surface area coverage. For example, the mask may provide some relatively large openings or a larger number of smaller openings. Openings or open areas can have any shape such as a round shape (circular, oval, elliptical, etc.), a square or rectangular shape, linear shape (for example, vertical, horizontal and / or helical strips, etc.), or any other suitable way. The mask can be made of any suitable material, examples of which include, but are not limited to, paper, plastic, wires, metals, various fibrous materials, wire, rope, mesh or combinations thereof.
[0058] One or more modalities of a CSSP, such as the CSSP 200 described here, having been described, one or more methods related to the manufacture / assembly and use of a CSSP like this are also described here.
[0059] In one embodiment, a method for making a CSSP, such as the CSSP 200, generally comprises the steps of providing a mandrel (for example, mandrel 210 described here) with at least one sealing element (for example, element seal 220 described here) arranged around at least a portion thereof, mask at least a portion of the outer surface of the sealing element, apply a jacket (e.g. jacket 230 described here) to the sealing element in one or more layers , and remove the mask.
[0060] In one embodiment, mandrel 210 with at least one sealing element 220 disposed around at least a portion of it can be obtained. For example, suitable chucks 210 and sealing elements 220 can be obtained, alone or in combination, from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
[0061] In one embodiment, since a mandrel 210 with a sealing element 220 arranged around it is obtained, at least a portion of the sealing element 220 (for example, at least a portion of the outer surface 221 of the sealing element 220) can be covered with a mask. In one embodiment, a mask like this can be preformed in any suitable form. An example of a suitable mask 250 is illustrated in figure 4, although versed in the technique, upon reading this description, they perceive other suitable configurations. In the embodiment of figure 4, the mask 250 comprises a grid-like pattern 250b with a plurality of empty spaces 250a. In alternative embodiments, a mask can be any suitable configuration. For example, the mask may comprise a substantially uniform pattern; alternatively, the mask may have absolutely no pattern. In one embodiment, mask 250 may comprise a single sheet (for example, as shown in figure 4). In an alternative embodiment, the mask may comprise multiple sheets, ribbons, wires, or other suitable shapes. In one embodiment, the mask can be wrapped (for example, applied over) to the sealing element and secured in place before applying the jacket or any layer thereof.
[0062] In one embodiment, once the mask (for example, mask 250) has been attached to or around the sealing element 220, the jacket 230 or any layer thereof can be applied to the masked sealing element 220. For For example, the material comprising the jacket 230 (e.g., water-based primer, organic solvent-based primer, coating material, etc.) or any layer of it can be sprayed on the masked sealing element 220; alternatively, the material comprising the jacket 230 (e.g., water-based primer, organic solvent-based primer, coating material, etc.) or any layer thereof can be painted or brushed onto the masked sealing element 220; alternatively, the masked sealing element 220 can be immersed, rolled or submerged in the material comprising the jacket 230 (e.g., water-based primer, organic solvent-based primer, coating material, etc.) or any layer thereof. As the masked sealing element 220 is coated with the material that will form the jacket 230 (for example, water based primer, organic solvent based primer, coating material, etc.) or any layer thereof, the material of the jacket 230 (for example, water based primer, organic solvent based primer, coating material, etc.) or any layer of it can adhere to the portions of the sealing element 220 not covered or protected by the mask 250.
[0063] In one embodiment, the material of the jacket 230 or any layer thereof may be allowed to dry (for example, consolidate, pick up, set in place, cure, harden, reticular or similar) before removing mask 250 and / or before to apply another layer (for example, a top coat layer). In an alternative embodiment, the mask 250 can be removed at any suitable time after the material of the jacket 230 or any layer of it has been applied to it. In one embodiment, after the mask 250 is removed, a portion of the sealing element 220 a portion of the sealing element 220 is exposed (an exposed portion 220a) and another portion is covered by the jacket 230 (an unexposed portion 220b) or any layer thereof, as previously described here. In one embodiment, when the liner 230 comprises more than one layer, a layer applied to the masked sealing element 220 can be allowed to dry before applying another layer; alternatively, subsequent layers can be applied to one layer without allowing an already applied layer to dry.
[0064] One or more modalities of a CSSP such as CSSP 200 having been described, one or more modalities of a well bore maintenance method employing a CSSP like this are also described here. In one embodiment, a method for using a CSSP, such as the CSSP 200 described here, generally comprises the steps of providing a CSSP 200, arranging a tubular column with a CSSP 200 embedded in it within a well bore, and activating the CSSP 200. Additionally, in one embodiment, the method may additionally comprise performing a well bore maintenance operation, producing a fluid from the reservoir, or combinations thereof.
[0065] In one embodiment, providing a CSSP 200 may comprise one or more of the steps of the method for making the CSSP 200, as described herein. In one embodiment, once a CSSP 200 has been obtained (for example, both manufactured and obtained from a manufacturer), the CSSP 200 can be used in the manner described herein.
[0066] In one embodiment, the CSSP 200 can be incorporated within a column of tubulars (for example, a column of casing such as column of casing 120, a column of work, a column of tool, a column of pipe segmented, a column of joined tubes, a column of coiled tubing, a column of production tubing, a drill column, and the like, or any other tubular of the appropriate well hole) and disposed within a well hole (for example, bore hole well 114). Additionally, for example, as described with reference to figure 1, in one embodiment, a tubular column may comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more CSSPs incorporated therein.
[0067] In one embodiment, the CSSP (s) 200 (for example, the first, second, third and fourth CSSPs 200a, 200b, 200c and 200d, respectively) can be incorporated into the tubular column as the tubular column it is “traversed” in the well hole (for example, well hole 114). For example, as those skilled in the art realize when reading this description, such tubular columns are conventionally mounted in "joints" that are added at the upper end of the column (for example, a tubular column) as the column is traversed. The tubular column (for example, casing column 120) can be mounted and traversed inside the well bore 114 until the CSSP (s) is located in a predetermined location, for example, in such a way a given CSSP (when expanded) to isolate (e.g., prevent fluid flow) two adjacent underground formation zones 102 (e.g., formation zones 2, 4, 6, and 8) and / or well bore portions 114. Referring to the modality of figure 1, the CSSP 200a, when expanded, can isolate zones 2 and 4 from each other; the CSSP 200b, when expanded, can isolate zones 4 and 6 from one another; the CSSP 200c, when expanded, can isolate zones 6 and 8 from one another; etc.
[0068] In one embodiment, since the tubular column (for example, coating column 120) comprising one or more CSSPs (for example, CSSP 200, CSSP 200a, CSSP 200b, CSSP 200c, CSSP 200d) is positioned within of the borehole (for example, borehole 114), for example, in such a way that the CSSPs isolate two adjacent underground formation zones 102 and / or portions of the borehole 114 when expanded, the CSSPs can be activated, ie is, forced to expand. In one embodiment, activation of the CSSP may comprise putting the CSSP in contact with the swelling agent. As previously described here, the swelling agent can comprise any suitable fluid, such as, for example, a water-based fluid (for example, aqueous solutions, water, etc.), an oil-based fluid (for example, hydrocarbon fluid, oil fluid, oil fluid, etc.), or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the swelling agent may comprise a fluid already present within well bore 114, for example, a maintenance fluid, a formation fluid (for example, a fluid hydrocarbon), or combinations thereof. Alternatively, the swelling agent can be introduced into well bore 114, for example, as a maintenance fluid. The swelling agent may be allowed to remain in contact with the CSSP (for example, with the exposed portions 220a of the sealing element 220) for a period of time sufficient for the sealing element to expand to contact the underground formation (for example, with well bore walls 114), for example, at least 2 days, alternatively at least 4 days, alternatively at least 8 days, alternatively at least 12 days, alternatively at least 2 weeks, alternatively at least 1 month, alternatively at at least 2 months, alternatively at least 3 months, alternatively at least 4 months, or alternatively any suitable duration.
[0069] In one embodiment, contact with the swelling agent can cause the sealing element (for example, sealing element 220) to expand to contact with the underground formation (for example, with the well hole 114 walls) . In such an embodiment, the expansion of the sealing element (for example, sealing element 220) can be effective to isolate two or more portions of an annular space generally extending between the pipe column (for example, pipe column). casing 120) and the well hole walls (e.g., well hole 114). In one embodiment, expansion of the sealing element (for example, sealing element 220) can occur at a controlled rate (for example, controlled swelling rate), as described here. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the swelling agent can exhibit lateral / sideways diffusion of the swelling agent under the jacket (ie, under the outer surface portions covered by the jacket), along with radial diffusion (by example, diffusion of the swelling agent towards the mandrel 210). In one embodiment, the expansion of the sealing element 220 (for example, in which the sealing element continues to expand) can take place at a predetermined duration, for example, about 4 days, alternatively about 6 days, alternatively about 8 days , alternatively about 10 days, alternatively about 12 days, alternatively about 14 days, alternatively about 16 days, alternatively about 18 days, alternatively about 20 days, alternatively about 22 days, or alternatively about 24 days.
[0070] In some embodiments, the rate of swelling of the sealing element can be linear in shape through the swelling process. In such embodiments, the top layer coating may comprise a flexible coating material. For example, a flexible coating material would lengthen and remain in sealing contact with the sealing element, thus leading to uniform swelling of the sealing element, i.e., an approximately linear swelling rate.
[0071] In other embodiments, the rate of swelling of the sealing element may have a generally non-linear shape in the swelling process, for example, a non-linear swelling rate. In one embodiment, the top coating layer may comprise a partially flexible coating material. For example, the rate of swelling of the sealing element could have an initial linear portion corresponding to a first rate of swelling characterized by an initial swelling period when the partially flexible coating material would elongate and remain in sealing contact with the sealing element. . The linear swelling rate can then be followed by a rapid increase in the swelling rate (for example, a linear increase in the swelling rate with a steeper slope than the initial slope; an exponential increase in the swelling rate; etc.) corresponding to a second rate of swelling because of an inability for the partially flexible liner material to stretch further, causing the partially flexible liner material to separate (for example, loosen, detach) from the sealing element both partially and completely. As a result, a much larger portion of the outer surface of the sealing element can be exposed to the swelling agent. In such embodiments, the second rate of swelling may be greater than the first rate of swelling. In one embodiment, the first swelling rate may last for a predetermined time, for example, about 2 days, alternatively about 4 days, alternatively about 6 days, alternatively about 8 days, alternatively about 10 days, alternatively about 12 days, alternatively about 14 days, alternatively about 16 days, alternatively about 18 days, alternatively about 20 days, or alternatively about 22 days. In one embodiment, the second swelling rate may last a predetermined time, for example, about 2 days, alternatively about 4 days, alternatively about 6 days, alternatively about 8 days, alternatively about 10 days, alternatively about 12 days, alternatively about 14 days, alternatively about 16 days, alternatively about 18 days, alternatively about 20 days, or alternatively about 22 days.
[0072] In one embodiment, after at least partial expansion of the CSSP (s), for example, in such a way that two or more portions of the borehole (for example, borehole 114) and / or two or more zones ( for example, zones 2, 4, 6 and / or 8) of the underground formation (for example, underground formation 102) are substantially isolated, a well bore maintenance operation can be carried out with respect to one or more of such zones of the formation. In such an embodiment, the well bore maintenance operation can include any suitable maintenance operation as skilled in the art realize when reading this description. Examples of such well bore maintenance operations include, but are not limited to, a fracturing operation, a drilling operation, an acidification operation, or combinations thereof.
[0073] In one embodiment, after at least partial expansion of the CSSP (s), for example, in such a way that two or more portions of the borehole (for example, borehole 114) and / or two or more zones (for example, zones 2, 4, 6 and / or 8) of the underground formation (for example, underground formation 102) are substantially isolated and, optionally, after performing a well hole maintenance operation, a fluid of the formation (for example, oil, gas, or both) can be produced by the underground formation (for example, underground formation 102) or one or more zones (for example, zones 2, 4, 6 and / or 8) thereof.
[0074] In one embodiment, a well bore maintenance system and / or apparatus comprising an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate such as a CSSP 200, a well bore maintenance method employing a borehole system and / or apparatus well hole maintenance comprising an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate (CSSP) such as a CSSP 200, or combinations thereof can be advantageously employed in performing a well hole maintenance operation. For example, a swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate (CSSP) such as a CSSP 200 can allow for a selective and controlled swelling profile of such a shutter. The ability to control the swelling rate and consequently the swelling profile can improve the accuracy of placing and activating an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate such as a CSSP 200, in such a way that two or more portions of the well bore and / or two or more areas of the underground formation are substantially isolated.
[0075] The use of a jacket comprising a material that is substantially impermeable to a fluid configured to cause the sealing element to swell may allow a variety of swelling patterns to be provided by the CSSP. For example, when the swelling rate is controlled by the exposed surface area of the sealing element, the amount of the exposed area can be controlled during the CSSP manufacturing process. This can have an advantage over expandable shutters that use a sealing element composition or semipermeable layer thickness to control the swelling rate, where the composition and thickness of the semipermeable layer may vary slightly during the manufacturing process. In addition, the use of a variety of shirt patterns can provide variable swelling characteristics (for example, linear swelling rates, non-linear swelling rates, and various combinations of these).
[0076] In one embodiment, the swelling rate of a CSSP can be advantageously controlled (for example, modulated) by varying the type and / or composition of the swelling material; the type and / or composition of the shirt; the number of layers on the shirt; the mask pattern; the ratio between the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element exposed to the swelling agent and the portion of the outer surface of the cover of the sealing element by the jacket; the type and / or composition of the swelling agent; or combinations thereof. As those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the greater the ratio between the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element exposed to the swelling agent and the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element covered by the jacket, the greater the value. swelling rate (for example, the sealing element will swell faster or at a higher speed). Similarly, as those skilled in the art realize, and with the help of this description, the smaller the ratio between the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element exposed to the swelling agent and the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element covered by the jacket, the smaller the swelling rate value (for example, the sealing element will swell more slowly or at a lower speed). Additional advantages of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate such as the CSSP 200 and methods of using it may be apparent to those skilled in the art when reading this description. EXAMPLES
[0077] The modalities having been described in general, the following examples are given as particular modalities of the description and to demonstrate the practice and advantages of the same. It should be understood that the examples are given by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the specification or the claims in any way. EXAMPLE 1
[0078] The swelling properties of swellable materials coated with various types of coatings (eg shirts) have been investigated. More specifically, the swelling curves for swellable materials have been investigated for both coated and uncoated samples. The swellable materials used were an oil-swellable rubber. The tested samples were either uncoated or coated with ACCOLAN, ACCOAT or ACCOFLEX. The geometry of the samples tested was a hollow cylinder, in which the outside diameter (OD) was 4.2 inches, the inside diameter was 2.875 inches, and the height was 0.1 m. The samples were coated with various patterns, such as a fine mesh, a coarse mesh, etc. The swelling agent used was EDC 95-11 drilling fluid.
[0079] Unless otherwise specified, the following procedure was used for testing hollow cylinder materials comprised of an oil-swellable rubber. The tests were conducted at 110 ° C. The hollow cylinder samples were placed in the bottom of an autoclave test chamber, the chamber was filled with the swelling agent (for example, EDC 95-11 drilling fluid), in such a way that the sample (s) (s) was completely covered, and then the autoclave test chamber was heated to the desired temperature (for example, 110 ° C). The samples were positioned vertically in the test chamber using an autoclave, in such a way that the cylinder was "standing". The autoclave test chamber was equipped with one or more sensors to detect and / or record the expansion of the hollow cylinder sample.
[0080] The samples were submerged in EDC 95-11 drilling fluid for periods of time up to 45 days, and the outside diameter (OD) of the samples measured in inches (in) was recorded, and the data are shown in figure 5 In general, as can be seen from Figure 5, the uncoated samples exhibited expansion in the shortest period of time, while the coated samples overall took longer to expand. EXAMPLE 2
[0081] The swelling properties of controlled swelling rate with controlled swelling rate were investigated. More specifically, intumescible shutters with controlled rate of swelling were visually monitored during swelling. The test was conducted as described in Example 1. Figures 6A and 6B show the same sample (for example, an intumescent material coated with a fine mesh shirt) in two different stages: before swelling, and fully swelling, respectively. Figures 6C and 6D show the same sample (for example, an swelling material coated with a coarse mesh shirt) in two different stages: before swelling, and fully swelling, respectively. The swelling material used was an oil swelling rubber, the jacket was an ACCOFLEX coating, the swelling agent was EDC 9511 drilling fluid, and the pattern was a mesh, as shown in Figures 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D . EXAMPLE 3
[0082] The swelling properties of an swelling material have been investigated. More specifically, the effect of the presence of a coating / jacket was visually monitored during swelling. Three similar samples (sample # 1, sample # 2 and sample # 3) were studied as follows: sample # 1 was fully coated; sample # 2 was coated with a grid pattern, and sample # 3 was uncoated. When used, the coating was ACCOFLEX. All three samples were made of an oil-swellable rubber as the swellable material. The samples were immersed in EDC 95-11 drilling fluid as the swelling agent. The geometry of the samples before swelling was a cylinder. Figure 7 shows three samples upon exposure to the swelling agent. As you can see, the uncoated swellable material (sample # 3) exhibited the greatest expansion, while the fully coated swellable material (sample # 1) exhibited the least expansion, and the partially coated swellable material (sample # 2 coated with a grid-type pattern) exhibited an intermediate proportion of expansion. EXAMPLE 4
[0083] The swelling properties of swelling materials coated with various coating patterns or liners have been investigated. More specifically, the weight gain swelling curves for swellable materials have been investigated for several standards. The swelling material used was an oil-swelling rubber. The geometry of the samples was a cylinder. The coating patterns were as follows: sample # 4 was uncoated; sample # 5 was fully coated; sample # 6 was coated with some holes from uncoated areas; sample # 7 was coated with many holes from uncoated areas; and sample # 8 was coated with a mesh pattern of uncoated areas. The samples were immersed in EDC 95-11 drilling fluid as the swelling agent, and data points were recorded before exposure to the swelling agent, at 6 or 7 days of exposure, and then at 13 or 14 days of exposure to the swelling agent. The% weight gain was plotted as a function of time and the data are shown in figure 8. In general, when the coating applied to the intumescible materials covered a larger surface area, the expansion rates (for example, in terms of percentage weight gain) were lower. EXAMPLE 5
[0084] The swelling properties of an intumescible material coated with a partially flexible coating have been investigated. More specifically, the effect of the presence of a partially flexible coating was visually monitored during swelling. An intumescible material modeled as a hollow cylinder, with an OD of 4.2 inches, an internal diameter of 2.875 inches and a height of 0.1 m was exposed to a swelling agent. The swelling material used was an oil-swelling rubber, the coating was ACCOAT, and the swelling agent was EDC 95-11 drilling fluid. The test was conducted as described in Example 1. Figure 9 shows an image of the fully swollen coated swellable material, in which it was observed that the partially flexible coating cracked and detached from the surface of the swellable material. ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION
[0085] The following are specific non-limiting modalities according to the present description: in a first embodiment, an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling comprises a mandrel, a sealing element, in which the sealing element is arranged around at least a portion of the mandrel, and a liner, where the liner covers at least a portion of an outer surface of the sealing member, and where the liner is configured to substantially prevent fluid communication between a fluid disposed outside the liner and the portion of the outer surface of the sealing element covered by the jacket.
[0086] A second embodiment includes the intumescible obturator with controlled swelling rate of the first embodiment, in which the mandrel comprises a tubular body in general defining a continuous axial flow hole.
[0087] A third embodiment includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of the first or second embodiments, wherein the sealing element comprises an swelling material.
[0088] A fourth modality includes the intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling of the third modality, in which the swellable material comprises a water-swellable material, an oil-swellable material, a water-and-oil swellable material, or any combination thereof.
[0089] A fifth modality includes the intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling of the third modality, in which the swellable material comprises a water-swellable material, and in which the water-swellable material comprises a tetrafluoroethylene / propylene copolymer (TFE / P ), a polyacrylate acid starch graft copolymer, a polyvinyl alcohol / cyclic acid anhydride graft copolymer, an isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, an acetate / vinyl acrylate copolymer, a polyethylene oxide polymer, graft-poly (ethylene oxide), poly (acrylic acid), a carboxymethyl cellulose polymer, a starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, an acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymer, poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) poly (2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate), a non-soluble acrylic polymer, a highly intumescible clay mineral, sodium bentonite, sodium bentonite which has as an ingredient main ingredient montmorillonite, calcium bentonite, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0090] A sixth modality includes the intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate of the third modality, in which the swellable material comprises an oil-swellable material, and in which the oil-swellable material comprises an oil-swellable rubber, a natural rubber, a polyurethane rubber, an acrylate / butadiene rubber, a butyl rubber (IIR), a brominated butyl rubber (BIIR), a chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), a chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CM / CPE), a isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, neoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), sulfonated polyethylene (PES), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), ethylene / acrylate rubber (EAM, AEM), an epichlorohydrin / ethylene oxide copolymer rubber (CO, ECO), an ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber (EPM), ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer (EPDM), a rubber peroxide crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer, a sulfur crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber, an ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer rubber (EPT), an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, a silicone fluorine rubber ( FVMQ), a silicone rubber (VMQ), a 2,2,1-bicyclic heptene (polynorbornene), an alkylstyrene polymer, a crosslinked substituted vinyl / acrylate copolymer, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0091] A seventh modality includes the intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate of the third modality, in which the swellable material comprises a water and oil swellable material, and in which the water and oil swellable material comprises a nitrile rubber (NBR ), an acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), a highly saturated nitrile rubber (HNS), a hydrogenated acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, an acrylic acid type polymer, poly (acrylic acid), rubber polyacrylate, fluorine rubber (FKM), perfluorine rubber (FFKM), derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0092] An eighth modality includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate from any of the third to the seventh modality, in which the swelling material is characterized by a particle size of about 0.1 micron to about 2,000 microns.
[0093] A ninth modality includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of any of the first to eighth modality, in which the liner covers at least about 75% of the external surface of the sealing element.
[0094] A tenth modality includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of any of the first to ninth modality, in which the jacket comprises a layer of primary coating.
[0095] An eleventh modality includes the elevated intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate of the eleventh modality, in which the primary coating layer is characterized by a thickness of less than about 10 microns.
[0096] A twelfth modality includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of any of the first to the eleventh modality, in which the jacket comprises at least one layer of upper coating.
[0097] A thirteenth modality includes the twelfth intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate of the twelfth modality, wherein the top coating layer comprises plastics, polymeric materials, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluoroelastomers, fluoropolymers, fluoropolymer elastomers, polytetrafluoroethylene, a copolymer tetrafluoroethylene / propylene (TFE / P), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyimide, poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS), or combinations thereof.
[0098] A fourteenth embodiment includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of the twelfth or thirteenth embodiment, wherein the top coating layer comprises a flexible coating material or a partially flexible coating material.
[0099] A fifteenth modality includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of any of the twelfth to the fourteenth modality, in which the top coating layer is characterized by a thickness of about 10 microns to about 100 microns.
A sixteenth modality includes the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate of any of the first to fifteenth modality, additionally comprising a layer of retention coating.
[00101] A seventeenth modality includes the swollen shutter with controlled swelling rate of the sixteenth modality, in which the retention coating layer is characterized by a thickness of about 1 micron to about 100 microns.
[00102] In an eighteenth embodiment, a method for making an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling comprises applying a mask to at least a portion of an outer surface of the sealing element; apply a jacket to the sealing element when the mask is applied; remove the mask after applying the shirt; and providing an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling.
[00103] A nineteenth modality includes the method of the eighteenth modality, in which the mask comprises empty spaces.
[00104] A twentieth modality includes the method of the eighteenth or nineteenth modality, in which applying the liner to the sealing element comprises at least one of spraying a liquid or substantially liquid material on the sealing element, painting a liquid or substantially liquid material in the sealing element, or immerse the sealing element in a liquid or substantially liquid material.
[00105] A twenty-first modality includes the method of any of the eighteenth to the twenty modality, additionally comprising drying the shirt before or after removing the mask.
[00106] A twenty-second embodiment includes the method of any of the eighteenth to the twenty-first embodiment, additionally comprising applying a layer of retaining coating to the outer surface of the sealing element.
[00107] A twenty-third modality includes the method of the twenty-second modality, in which the retention coating layer is applied to an external surface of the swellable obturator with controlled swelling rate subsequent to the removal of the mask.
[00108] In a twenty-fourth modality, a method for using an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling comprises arranging a column of tubulars comprising an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling incorporated into it within a well hole in an underground formation, in that the swellable plug with controlled rate of swelling comprises a sealing element and a liner, where the liner covers at least a portion of an outer surface of the sealing element, and where the liner is substantially impermeable to a fluid that is configured to cause the sealing element to swell upon contact between the sealing element and the fluid; and activate the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[00109] A twenty-fifth modality includes the method of the twenty-fourth modality, in which the intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling additionally comprises a mandrel, in which the sealing element is arranged circumferentially around at least a portion of the mandrel.
[00110] A twenty-sixth modality includes the method of the twenty-fourth to the twenty-fifth modality, in which the sealing element comprises an intumescible material.
[00111] A twenty-seventh modality includes the twenty-sixth modality method, additionally comprising letting the intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate swell from about 105% to about 500% based on the volume of the sealing element swellable material before activation of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[00112] A twenty-eighth modality includes the method of the twenty-sixth modality, additionally comprising allowing the intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate to swell from about 125% to about 200% based on the volume of the sealing element swelling material before activation of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[00113] A twenty-ninth modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to twenty-sixth modality, in which a swelling interstice of the sealing element increases from about 105% to about 250% based on the swelling interstice of the sealing element. seal before activation of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[00114] A thirty-third modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to twenty-sixth modalities, in which a swelling interstice of the sealing element increases by about 110% to about 150% based on the swelling interstice of the sealing element before activation of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[00115] A thirty-first modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to thirty-three modalities, wherein the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate additionally comprises a retention coating layer.
[00116] A thirty-second modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to thirty-first modality, additionally comprising isolating at least two adjacent portions of the borehole using the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate subsequent to the activation of the swelling rate shutter activation. controlled swelling.
[00117] A thirty-third modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to the thirty-second modality, in which activating the controllable rate swelling shutter comprises putting at least a portion of the controlled swelling rate shutter in contact with a swelling agent.
[00118] A thirty-fourth modality includes the method of the thirty-third modality, in which the swelling agent comprises a water-based fluid, an oil-based fluid, or any combination thereof.
[00119] A thirty-fifth modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to thirty-fourth modalities, in which the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate has a linear swelling rate.
[00120] A thirty-sixth modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to the thirty-fourth modality, in which the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate has a non-linear swelling rate.
[00121] A thirty-seventh modality includes the method of any of the twenty-fourth to thirty-sixth modality, in which a swelling rate of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate is controlled by varying a type and / or composition of a swelling material; a type and / or composition of a shirt; the number of layers on the shirt; a mask pattern; a ratio between a portion of an outer surface of a sealing element exposed to a swelling agent and a portion of the outer surface of the cover of the sealing element by the jacket; a type and / or composition of the swelling agent; or combinations thereof.
[00122] Although modalities of the invention have been shown and described, modifications to them can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and precepts of the invention. The modalities described here are only exemplary, and should not be limiting. Many variations and modifications of the invention described here are possible and are within the scope of the invention. Where ranges or numerical limitations are expressly stated, such ranges or expressed limitations should be understood to include iterative ranges or limitations of similar magnitude that fall within the ranges or limitations expressly stated (for example, from about 1 to about 10 includes , 2, 3, 4, etc .; greater than 0.10 includes 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, etc.). For example, whenever a numerical range with a lower limit, R1, and an upper limit, Ru, is described, any number that falls within the range is specifically described. In particular, the following numbers within the range are specifically described: R = Rl + k * (Ru-Rl), where k is a variable ranging from 1 percent to 100 percent with an increment of one percent, that is , k is 1 percent, 2 percent, 3 percent, 4 percent, 5 percent, 50 percent, 51 percent, 52 percent,, 95 percent, 96 percent, 97 percent, 98 percent percent, 99 percent, or 100 percent. In addition, any numerical range defined by two previously defined R numbers is also specifically described. The use of the term “optionally” in relation to any element of a claim must mean that the element in question is required or, alternatively, is not required. Both alternatives must be within the scope of the claim. The use of broader terms such as understand, include, have, etc. it is to be understood to provide support for more restricted terms such as consisting of, consisting essentially of and substantially comprised of, etc.
[00123] In this way, the scope of protection is not limited by the description presented, but is only limited by the following claims, this scope including all equivalents of the subject matter of the claims. Any and all claims are incorporated into the specification as an embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the claims are an additional description and are an addition to the embodiments of the present invention. The discussion of a reference in the detailed description of the modalities is not an admission that it is prior art to the present invention, especially any reference that may have a publication date after the priority date of this application. The descriptions of all patents, patent applications and publications cited here are hereby incorporated by reference, to the extent that they provide they provide exemplary, procedural or other details in addition to those presented here.

权利要求:
Claims (28)
[0001]
1. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a mandrel (210); a sealing element (220), wherein the sealing element is arranged around at least a portion of the mandrel; a removable mask on at least a portion of an outer surface (221) of the sealing element, the removable mask comprises voids; and a liner (230) applied to the sealing element that has the removable mask covering the portion of the outer surface, and wherein the liner is configured to prevent fluid communication between a fluid disposed outside the liner and the portion of the outer surface of the liner. seal covered by the shirt; and wherein the removable mask is configured so that, after removal, the liner is applied only to a portion (220b) of the outer surface of the sealing element, causing a portion of the exposed outer surface (220a).
[0002]
2. Intumescent shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises one or more end stops (240) arranged around the mandrel adjacent to the sealing element, in which one or more end stops. end are configured to retain the sealing element around the mandrel portion.
[0003]
3. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealing element comprises an swelling material.
[0004]
4. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the swellable material comprises a water-swellable material, and in which the water-swellable material comprises at least one of: a tetrafluoroethylene copolymer / propylene (TFE / P), a polyacrylate acid starch graft copolymer, a polyvinyl alcohol / cyclic acid anhydride graft copolymer, an isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, an acetate / vinyl acrylate copolymer, a polymer polyethylene oxide, graft-poly (ethylene oxide), poly (acrylic acid), a carboxymethyl cellulose-like polymer, a starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, an acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymer, poly (2 -hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly (2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate), an insoluble acrylic polymer, a highly swelling clay mineral, sodium bentonite, sodium bentonite io having as main ingredient montmorillonite, calcium bentonite, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0005]
5. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the swellable material comprises an oil-swellable material, and in which the oil-swellable material comprises at least one of: an oil-swellable rubber , a natural rubber, a polyurethane rubber, an acrylate / butadiene rubber, a butyl rubber (IIR), a brominated butyl rubber (BIIR), a chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), a chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CM / CPE), an isoprene rubber, a chloroprene rubber, a neoprene rubber, a butadiene rubber, a styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), a sulfonated polyethylene (PES), a chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), a ethylene / acrylate rubber (EAM, AEM), an epichlorohydrin / ethylene oxide copolymer rubber (CO, ECO), an ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber (EPM), ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer (EP DM), a peroxide crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber, a sulfur crosslinked ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber, an ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer rubber (EPT), an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, a fluorine silicone rubber (FVMQ), a silicone rubber (VMQ), a 2,2,1-bicycl heptene (polynorbornene), an alkylstyrene polymer, a crosslinked substituted vinyl / acrylate copolymer, derived therefrom, or combinations thereof.
[0006]
6. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the swellable material comprises a swellable material with water and oil, and in which the swellable material with water and oil comprises at least one of: nitrile rubber (NBR), an acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), a highly saturated nitrile rubber (HNS), a hydrogenated acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, an acrylic acid type polymer, poly (acid acrylic), polyacrylate rubber, fluorine rubber (FKM), perfluorine rubber (FFKM), derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0007]
7. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the jacket comprises a primary coating layer.
[0008]
8. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the primary coating layer has a thickness of less than 10 microns.
[0009]
9. Intumescent shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the liner comprises at least one upper coating layer.
[0010]
10. Intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the top layer comprises plastics, polymeric materials, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluoroelastomers, fluoropolymers, fluoropolymer elastomers, polytetrafluoroethylene, a tetrafluoroethylene copolymer / propylene (TFE / P), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyimide, poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS), or combinations thereof.
[0011]
11. Intumescent shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper coating layer comprises a flexible coating material or a partially flexible coating material.
[0012]
12. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 9, characterized in that the top coating layer is characterized by a thickness of about 10 microns to about 100 microns.
[0013]
13. Intumescent shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a layer of retention coating.
[0014]
14. Intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling according to claim 13, characterized in that the retaining coating layer has a thickness of 1 micron to 100 microns.
[0015]
15. Method for making an intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling, characterized by the fact that it comprises: applying a mask (250) to at least a portion of an external surface (221) of a sealing element (220), in which the sealing element comprises an intumescible material, and in which the mask comprises empty spaces; apply a liner (230) to the sealing element when the mask is applied, where the mask prevents the application of the liner except in the empty spaces; remove the mask after applying the shirt; and providing an intumescible shutter with a controlled swelling rate (200).
[0016]
16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that it additionally comprises applying a layer of retaining coating to the outer surface of the sealing element.
[0017]
17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the retaining coating layer is applied to an external surface of the swelling plug with controlled swelling rate subsequent to removal of the mask.
[0018]
18. Method for using an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate, characterized by the fact that it comprises: disposing a column of tubulars (120) comprising an intumescible shutter with controlled swelling rate (200) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14 embedded in it inside a well hole (114) in an underground formation (102), and activate the intumescible shutter with controlled rate of swelling; wherein the jacket is applied only to a portion (220b) of the outer surface of the sealing element, causing a portion of the exposed outer surface (220a).
[0019]
19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that it additionally comprises allowing the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate to swell between 105% and 500% based on the volume of the sealing element swelling material before activation of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[0020]
Method according to either of claims 18 or 19, characterized in that it further comprises allowing the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate to swell an amount between 125% and 200% based on the volume of swelling material of the seal before activation of the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[0021]
21. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that a swelling interstice of the sealing element increases an amount between 105% and 250% based on the swelling interstice of the sealing element before activation of the sealing element. swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[0022]
22. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that a swelling interstice of the sealing element increases an amount between 110% and 150% based on the swelling interstice of the sealing element before activation of the sealing element. swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate.
[0023]
23. The method of any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the swelling shutter with controlled swelling rate additionally comprises a retention coating layer.
[0024]
24. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that it further comprises isolating at least two adjacent portions of the well bore using the controlled swelling rate intumescible plug following activation of the swelling rate intumescible plug. controlled.
[0025]
25. The method of any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized by the fact that activating the controllable rate swelling shutter comprises putting at least a portion of the controlled swelling rate shutter in contact with a swelling agent, and letting the sealing element swells.
[0026]
26. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that the sealing element has a linear swelling rate.
[0027]
27. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 26, characterized in that the sealing element has a non-linear swelling rate.
[0028]
28. The method of any one of claims 18 to 27, characterized in that it further comprises controlling the swelling rate of the sealing element by varying at least one of: a type and / or composition of a swelling material, a type and / or composition of a shirt, the number of layers on the shirt, a pattern of a mask, a ratio between a portion of an outer surface of a sealing element exposed to a swelling agent and a portion of the outer surface of the cover of the sealing element by the jacket, a type and / or composition of the swelling agent, or combinations thereof.

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法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2020-02-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-02-17| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-03-16| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 03/10/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201261714653P| true| 2012-10-16|2012-10-16|

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US61/714,653|2012-10-16|

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PCT/US2013/063273|WO2014062391A1|2012-10-16|2013-10-03|Controlled swell-rate swellable packer and method|

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